Vegas Nova

Verified
3.8 Last updated: May 2026
Withdrawal Often within 12 hours after approval; 3-7 days for bank transfers
Min Deposit $20 minimum for main welcome bonus
Games 5,000+
Wagering 35x bonus
License Anjouan Gaming
Established 2025

Vegas Nova is a 2025 Veganova Ltd casino and sportsbook licensed through Anjouan Gaming, with a large crypto-friendly lobby and a cautious trust profile. The games and banking range are broad, but UK players should notice the missing UKGC account number and the mixed public complaint signals before depositing.

Vegas Nova Homepage
Vegas Nova Homepage

Vegas Nova at a Glance

Detail Info
Founded 2025
Operator Veganova Ltd
Primary Licence Anjouan Gaming Licence ALSI-202502018-FI1
UKGC Account Number None found in May 2026 checks
Casino Guru Safety Index 7.6/10, checked May 2026
Trustpilot 2.4/5 from 25 reviews, checked May 2026
AskGamblers 6.4/10 editor rating and 3/10 player rating from 1 review, checked May 2026
Game Count 5,000+ public figure; higher regional pages claim more
Game Providers 35+ named providers visible in AskGamblers data
Welcome Bonus 150% up to $2,500 first deposit
Minimum Deposit $20 for the main bonus offer
Withdrawal Speed Often within 12 hours after approval; 3-7 days for bank transfers
Support Live chat and email
Mobile Browser-based, no native app verified

Vegas Nova Casino sits in the newer international-operator category rather than the established UKGC market. The public site and terms name Veganova Ltd, company number 15856, registered in Mutsamudu, Anjouan, with licence ALSI-202502018-FI1. The Anjouan register snapshot and Casino Guru both matched that licence detail in May 2026, but this still is not the same type of protection as a UKGC account.

The attraction is obvious: a combined casino and sportsbook, a big slot lobby, crypto support, and a large first-deposit headline. The issue is that the product is young and public reputation data is still thin. A player comparing it with a more settled Sankra Casino review will notice more uncertainty around withdrawals and dispute escalation.

Vegas Nova Welcome Bonus and Promotions

Welcome Bonus Breakdown

The main Vegas Nova bonus shown in public review databases is a 150% first-deposit match up to $2,500 with bonus code WELCOME. The operator's public bonus policy says casino offers normally carry 35x wagering on the bonus amount unless a specific offer says otherwise, with a seven-day completion window for most bonuses. The public promotions page itself did not expose a full card in this scrape, so players should treat the cashier offer text as the final source before opting in.

A worked example shows why the headline needs careful reading. If you deposit $100 and claim a 150% match, the account receives $150 in bonus funds. Your opening balance is $250, but the wagering calculation should be based on the $150 bonus if the general policy applies. At 35x bonus wagering, that means $5,250 of qualifying turnover before bonus winnings become withdrawable. Slots contribute 100% under the general bonus policy, while live casino and table games contribute 10%, so clearing the same bonus on blackjack or roulette would be far slower.

The max-bet rule is also material. Vegas Nova's public bonus policy caps casino deposit-bonus play at $/EUR5 on slots and $/EUR50 on live casino and table games while wagering. Winnings from free spins become bonus funds unless an offer says otherwise, and free spins expire after one day if not used. The public AskGamblers offer table listed additional reload and free-spin entries, including 75% second and third deposit offers, but those are secondary to the live cashier conditions.

Because Vegas Nova has no UKGC account number in our checks, the January 2026 UKGC 10x wagering requirement cap is not a rule we can apply to this site. The visible 35x bonus policy is far above the cap UK-regulated operators must now follow where applicable.

Ongoing Promotions and Loyalty

Ongoing value appears to come from reload bonuses, cashback, tournaments, and a VIP-style ladder rather than a single simple rewards programme. AskGamblers listed a 10% cashback entry with no wagering, while other regional reviews mention cashback and reloads. The operator's public bonus policy says promotion eligibility can vary by region, currency, payment method, and player group, which means the live account view matters more than a static public headline.

The biggest practical point is that only one bonus can be active at a time. If you request a withdrawal, active bonuses are cancelled, and any suspected breach of the bonus policy can lead to bonus removal or voided winnings. That makes Vegas Nova a poor fit for players who skim terms or who usually take every promotion. Anyone using a wagering requirements guide before play will see that the combination of 35x bonus wagering, seven-day expiry, and low game contribution on tables pushes most sensible play towards a small, controlled slot test.

The Vegas Nova free spins position is mixed across public pages. AskGamblers listed a separate 100 Free Spins offer, while one operator-facing public page said the current welcome focus did not include free spins. Treat free spins as a changing promotion rather than a guaranteed first-deposit feature. Players looking mainly for free spins casinos UK offers should compare spin-winnings wagering and expiry before choosing this over a clearer UK-facing offer.

Vegas Nova Game Library

Vegas Nova Casino games are the main reason the brand gets attention. The lobby covers slots, Megaways, buy-bonus titles, instant games, jackpot games, table games, live casino, and sports betting. Public totals vary: regional marketing pages claim more than 14,000 titles, while more conservative review data points to 5,000+ games. I would use 5,000+ as the working number because it is large enough to describe the product without relying on the highest marketing figure.

Provider Notable Titles Category Strength
Pragmatic Play Gates of Olympus, Sweet Bonanza, Big Bass Bonanza Megaways Slots, Megaways, live game shows
Evolution Gaming Live Blackjack, Live Roulette, Live Baccarat Premium live casino tables
NetEnt Starburst, Dead or Alive, Twin Spin Classic slots
Play'n GO Book of Dead style catalogue presence in public provider lists Mobile slots
BGaming and Wazdan Crash, instant and volatility-led slots Alternative slot and instant games

The official provider page for Pragmatic Play alone ran across many pages and showed mainstream titles such as Gates of Olympus, Sweet Bonanza, Big Bass Bonanza Megaways, The Dog House, Wolf Gold, Great Rhino, and Fruit Party. That is a useful sign because Pragmatic is a high-demand provider and the catalogue is not limited to obscure studios. The wider provider list published by AskGamblers included RubyPlay, Mancala Gaming, Habanero, Mascot Gaming, Evolution Gaming, Caleta, Kalamba, Yggdrasil, Onlyplay, Turbo Games, Fugaso, Wazdan, Playson, Play'n GO, CT Interactive, AvatarUX, Platipus, PG Soft, NetEnt, Booming Games, Greentube, Blueprint, Betsoft, Nucleus, Games Global, and Amatic.

Slots are the strongest category. The lobby has a clean split between popular games, new games, Megaways, buy-bonus, fruit, books, Egypt-themed titles, and all games. That structure is familiar and useful on mobile because players can filter by style rather than scrolling through one huge grid. If your main comparison point is a slots casinos page, Vegas Nova has enough range to feel competitive on quantity.

Live casino is credible on paper. AskGamblers listed live casino support and named providers including Evolution and Pragmatic Live, while the operator navigation separates live blackjack, baccarat, roulette, and all live games. The warning is that table-game contribution to bonus wagering is only 10% under the general policy, so live casino is better treated as cash-balance entertainment than a bonus-clearing route. Players who mostly want blackjack casinos should also check stake limits and table availability in their own currency before depositing.

The game library has two unresolved issues. The operator does not show public independent RTP auditing in the sources we checked, and AskGamblers marked RNG tested as "No" and RTP as "Not publicly audited". Casino Guru did not flag fake games, but the review cannot give Vegas Nova a top safety mark based on games alone.

Deposits, Withdrawals, and Banking at Vegas Nova

Method Min Deposit Max Deposit Withdrawal Time (Stated) Withdrawal Time (Player-Reported) Fees
Visa / Mastercard Shown in wallet Shown in wallet 3-5 days in AskGamblers table Mixed; some complaints mention delays or voided winnings No card surcharge stated in terms
Skrill / Neteller Shown in wallet Shown in wallet 0-24 hours in AskGamblers table Some positive reviews mention fast support or payout No wallet surcharge stated
Bank Transfer Shown in wallet Shown in wallet 3-7 days Limited public evidence EUR10 wire fee unless withdrawal is over EUR500
Apple Pay / Google Pay Shown where available Shown in wallet Depends on linked payment route Limited public evidence Not clearly published
Bitcoin / Ethereum / Tether / USDC / TRON Shown in wallet Shown in wallet Often marketed as fast; terms still require checks Mixed public sentiment Network and processor costs may apply

Vegas Nova banking is broad. The official footer and AskGamblers both showed cards, e-wallets, bank or instant-bank routes, vouchers, mobile-wallet options, and cryptocurrencies. Available account currencies in the terms include AUD, EUR, USD, CAD, and NZD, while public review pages also list crypto assets for deposits and withdrawals. This is one of the stronger product areas because the cashier is not limited to one or two routes.

The withdrawal rules are stricter than the payment-menu width suggests. Vegas Nova says deposits must be wagered at least once before withdrawal, otherwise it may reject or delay the request and apply an administrative fee of up to 6%. The terms say withdrawals are often processed within 12 hours, but some stay pending until 00:00 GMT before moving to payments the next business day. The site can review play and request KYC or source-of-funds evidence before payout.

Caps matter. AskGamblers and the operator terms both point to a EUR5,000 per-transaction ceiling and EUR10,000 per 30 days. Larger wins may be paid in monthly instalments. This is not unusual for a new international brand, but it is a serious limitation for high rollers. The same section says players may modify or reverse a withdrawal until it is fully processed, which is a negative design choice because reversal can encourage players to put winnings back into play.

Players comparing Visa casino payments should note that card withdrawals carry no card surcharge, while wire transfer carries a EUR10 fee unless the withdrawal is over EUR500. Every withdrawal still remains subject to account checks, bonus review, and the monthly cap.

Player-reported evidence is mixed. Trustpilot contains positive comments about support solving issues, but the negative side includes withdrawal-delay claims, confiscated-winnings claims, and account restriction complaints. AskGamblers also has a player review complaining that a requested monthly deposit limit had not been applied after two weeks. That does not mean every payout fails, but it does mean the safest banking approach is to verify early, test one small payout, and keep bonus play separate from cash-balance play.

Vegas Nova is also relevant for crypto casinos UK comparisons because crypto is a visible part of the payment set. Crypto can be fast, but it does not remove identity checks, bonus rules, jurisdiction restrictions, or withdrawal reviews. The AML policy says the operator uses transaction monitoring, blockchain analysis, enhanced due diligence for higher-risk accounts, and geo-blocking controls. Players who expect crypto to bypass those checks are likely to be disappointed.

Mobile Experience at Vegas Nova

Vegas Nova Casino app searches produce a simple answer: no native iOS or Android app was verified in this pass. The site is browser-first, and its public pages present desktop and mobile web access rather than app-store downloads. That is normal for many casino brands, but it means players should not expect push-controlled app features, store-level update visibility, or app-store complaint handling.

The browser interface looks built for repeated mobile use. The navigation separates casino, sport, promotions, live casino, categories, and help centre, with filters for popular games, new games, slots, Megaways, buy-bonus titles, and live categories. That should work well for slot browsing because players can narrow the lobby before scrolling.

Mobile casino performance still needs a cautious verdict because we did not complete a logged-in device test. Public pages loaded the menu, provider pages, footer payment icons, and terms, but the account area may differ by country and currency. A mobile casinos UK comparison would reward the breadth but penalise the lack of a verified native app and public mobile cashier walkthrough.

If you try Vegas Nova on mobile, do the practical checks before the first deposit. Confirm that the bonus terms are readable without horizontal scrolling, the cashier shows limits in your currency, the document upload area accepts mobile photos, and live chat is reachable from inside the account. Those details matter more than whether the landing page looks fast.

Customer Support at Vegas Nova

Vegas Nova support is available through live chat and email. The official navigation places a help centre and chat prompt in the footer, and AskGamblers described live chat as 24/7 with email support at the listed support address. The site also links to an external help centre, but the public FAQ content was not fully visible in our scrape.

Public player evidence does not give support a clean win. Positive Trustpilot comments praise staff for resolving setup or withdrawal issues, and Casino Guru user comments include praise for responsive support. Negative reviews point in the opposite direction: one player on AskGamblers said a deposit-limit request was ignored for two weeks, and several Trustpilot complaints describe account or payout disputes where the operator response did not satisfy the reviewer. Casino Guru also displayed a direct complaint about a delayed first-deposit bonus activation, though the page simultaneously described the brand as a fresh casino with limited data.

The safest support test is to ask a difficult question before depositing. Ask live chat to confirm the exact welcome-bonus code, whether the 35x calculation applies to bonus only or deposit plus bonus, the max bet on the game you intend to play, the withdrawal cap in your account currency, the source-of-funds trigger for larger wins, and whether withdrawal reversal can be disabled. If chat gives vague answers, use email so you have a written record.

Support is important because Vegas Nova uses broad discretionary terms. The operator can request extra KYC, review play before withdrawal, hold payments for suspected breaches, and close accounts for restricted-region access or linked-account signals. That raises the value of getting key answers in writing.

Is Vegas Nova Safe? Licensing and Player Protection

Vegas Nova is operated by Veganova Ltd, company number 15856, registered at Mutsamudu, Autonomous Island of Anjouan, Union of Comoros. The official terms state Anjouan Gaming Commission licence ALSI-202502018-FI1, and the Anjouan public-register snapshot found in May 2026 listed Veganova Ltd against that same licence and vegasnova.com. Casino Guru also showed the licence as verified. No UKGC account number was found for Vegas Nova, Veganova, or vegasnova in public UKGC searches.

Detail Info
Primary Licence Anjouan Gaming Licence ALSI-202502018-FI1
Secondary Licence None verified
Licence Holder Veganova Ltd
UKGC Account Number None found
Player Fund Protection Not publicly stated
Self-Exclusion Site-level time-out and self-exclusion tools
ADR Provider Not stated in public terms
RNG Testing Not publicly audited in AskGamblers data

The licensing verdict is cautious rather than binary. The Anjouan licence details match across the operator, register snapshot, and Casino Guru, but a UKGC account brings a different complaint route, safer-gambling framework, and enforcement environment. The Gambling Commission public register is the relevant place to confirm UKGC account details, and we did not find Vegas Nova there.

Responsible gambling tools are present but not fully reassuring. The operator's responsible gaming page lists deposit limits, time-outs, and self-exclusion, all set by contacting support. AskGamblers also lists deposit limit, self-exclusion, cool-off, and self-assessment tools, while marking wager limit, loss limit, time/session limit, reality check, and withdrawal lock as unavailable. The player complaint about a delayed deposit-limit request is important because a tool that depends on manual support needs fast handling to be effective. Players who need immediate counselling or support should use GamCare counselling resources rather than waiting for a casino chat queue.

Security and compliance controls are visible. The AML policy says Vegas Nova applies KYC, age verification, geo-blocking, enhanced due diligence, transaction monitoring, sanctions screening, and blockchain analysis. Those controls can create friction when documents are requested after a win. Complete KYC before meaningful play, use only payment methods in your own name, and keep screenshots of every bonus term that affects withdrawal eligibility.

What Real Players Say About Vegas Nova

Trustpilot is negative overall. The current Trustpilot profile showed 2.4/5 from 25 reviews in May 2026, with 52% one-star reviews. Positive reviewers tend to mention helpful support, fast issue resolution, or an enjoyable game range. Negative reviewers mention withdrawal delay, bonus/winnings confiscation, account locks, repeated password-change concerns, and affiliate-payment disputes. Because Trustpilot does not fact-check claims, I treat it as a pattern signal rather than proof of each allegation.

Source Numeric Rating What Players Praise What Players Criticise
Trustpilot 2.4/5 from 25 reviews, May 2026 Support helped with setup or withdrawal issues in some reviews Withdrawal delay, voided winnings, account locks, affiliate-payment disputes
Reddit /r/UKCasinos No reliable brand thread verified Limited discussion Limited discussion
Casino Guru 7.6/10 Safety Index, May 2026 Fresh-casino score, no relevant blacklist found, some user praise for fast payout One visible direct complaint about bonus activation delay
AskGamblers 6.4/10 editor rating; 3/10 player rating from 1 review Good variety of payment methods and 24/7 live chat in editor view Low withdrawal limits and a responsible-gambling complaint

Casino Guru is more balanced than Trustpilot. It marked Vegas Nova as a fresh casino, listed a 7.6/10 Safety Index, showed Veganova Ltd as the operator, and displayed Anjouan licence ALSI-202502018-FI1 as verified. Its explanation said the casino appears smaller by estimated revenue, that the terms were considered fair, that no relevant blacklist was found, and that no relevant or only very low withheld-winnings complaint value affected the score. The visible complaint area, however, showed at least one direct complaint about first-deposit bonus activation delay.

AskGamblers adds useful operational detail. Its editor rating was 6.4/10, player rating 3/10 from one review, and complaint response area showed no complaints yet. The single player review complained about restrictive bonus value and a monthly deposit-limit request that allegedly remained unresolved for two weeks. That is more important than the low sample size might suggest, because responsible-gambling execution is one of the hardest things for a player to test before registering.

For comparison, PitBet review and Maximal Bet review pages are useful reminders that new international brands should be judged on more than lobby size. The repeat themes are withdrawal caps, pre-payout checks, clear bonus rules, and practical complaint escalation. Vegas Nova scores acceptably on product breadth but weaker on reputation depth.

How Vegas Nova Compares With Other UK Casinos

Vegas Nova does not compare directly with UKGC-licensed casinos because no UKGC account number was found. It compares better with newer international brands that target multiple regions through crypto payments, sportsbook access, large slots lobbies, and flexible promotions. That can be attractive for experienced players, but it is a weaker match for anyone who prioritises UK account verification, clear ADR routes, and modern UK bonus limits.

Against mainstream UK brands, the biggest Vegas Nova advantage is breadth. It has casino, live casino, instant games, crypto payments, Apple Pay and Google Pay icons, cards, wallets, and sports in one account. The downside is assurance. A player researching Winomania sister sites will usually be dealing with a more familiar UK-facing brand ecosystem, clearer public brand history, and more established market expectations.

A second reference point is a sportsbook-led UK group, where brand history and complaint routes are easier for readers to inspect. The same applies to Paddy Power sister site alternatives. Those comparisons are about player expectations, not operational links to Vegas Nova. Established UK groups are not automatically perfect, but they usually publish clearer complaint routes, UK account details, and responsible-gambling infrastructure. Vegas Nova asks players to accept an Anjouan framework and more support-led tools.

Vegas Nova may look stronger than some smaller international casinos on game range and payment choice. It is more versatile than a slot-only brand because the sportsbook is visible and live casino categories are built into navigation. The trade-off is that its 35x bonus policy, withdrawal caps, manual limit setting, and mixed complaint signals make it less straightforward. Bullspins review comparisons should focus on how much evidence exists behind the product headline, not only on whether a bonus looks larger.

Vegas Nova Sportsbook and Extras

Vegas Nova is not just a casino lobby. The public navigation includes sports, football, basketball, tennis, e-sports, sports rules, and casino promotions. That matters because some players will arrive through the sportsbook and then use the same wallet for casino games, or the other way round. The terms also split casino and sportsbook wagering in the bonus policy, with sportsbook offers normally carrying 10x wagering on the bonus amount unless an offer says otherwise.

The sportsbook adds convenience, but it also adds ways to breach terms accidentally. The general terms discuss cash-out, technical delays, suspicious betting, linked accounts, hedging patterns, and voiding bets affected by errors. One Trustpilot complaint involved a voided sports bet that the operator described as being placed during a technical error after a goal. Sports and casino players both need to understand how broad the review powers are.

The extra features are practical rather than novel: a help centre, sportsbook rules, casino rules, partner programme, multilingual interface, tournaments mentioned in public reviews, and a broad provider menu. The strongest extra is the combined wallet and game range. The weakest is the lack of a verified app, public audit certificate, and clear complaint escalation route.

Players who mainly care about live casino UK style table play may still find the live dealer lobby interesting, but bonus clearing should not drive that choice because live games only contribute 10% under the general bonus policy. For sports, the safer approach is the same as casino: test with a small deposit, confirm withdrawal rules before taking a bonus, and avoid any activity that can be interpreted as restricted-location access, account linking, or technical-error exploitation.

What Vegas Nova Gets Wrong

The first weakness is jurisdiction clarity for UK readers. Vegas Nova publishes an Anjouan licence and that licence was matched across public sources, but no UKGC account number was found. That means the site should not be assessed as a UK-regulated casino. This is not a small footnote; it changes the complaint path, the bonus-rule framework, and the level of oversight a UK player can expect.

The second weakness is the bonus. A 150% match up to $2,500 is large, but 35x bonus wagering, seven-day expiry, $/EUR5 slot max bet while wagering, and low table-game contribution narrow the practical value. The offer may still suit slot players who plan carefully, but it is not friendly for casual players who switch between live tables, sportsbook bets, and slots. New casinos UK pages increasingly need to show transparent, low-friction bonus terms to compete, and Vegas Nova is more complicated than that standard.

The third weakness is responsible-gambling execution. The tools exist, but several are support-led rather than instant account settings, and AskGamblers contains a player complaint about delayed deposit-limit handling. That does not prove a systematic failure, but it is serious enough to affect the verdict. Manual support queues are a poor substitute for immediate limit controls when a player is trying to reduce harm.

The fourth weakness is withdrawal confidence. The terms allow withdrawal reversal before processing, impose EUR5,000 per transaction and EUR10,000 per 30 days caps, require deposit turnover, and allow broad KYC or source-of-funds checks. Trustpilot and AskGamblers include complaints around account locks, voided winnings, and withdrawal friction. Anyone reading a casino payment dispute guide will recognise the same advice here: keep documents ready, preserve evidence, and avoid large balances until a small withdrawal has been completed.

The fifth weakness is public audit evidence. AskGamblers marked RTP as not publicly audited and RNG tested as no. Casino Guru did not raise a fake-game warning in the source we checked, which is positive, but the absence of a visible independent audit still holds back the safety score. A new brand asking for real-money trust should publish more evidence than a licence footer, a broad terms page, and payment icons.

Vegas Nova Review: Final Verdict

This Vegas Nova review lands on a cautious verdict. The casino has real strengths: a broad lobby, popular providers, live casino, sportsbook, crypto and wallet banking, a visible Anjouan licence, and a large welcome headline. Those points make it more substantial than many thin new brands. They do not erase the concerns around UK account absence, bonus complexity, withdrawal caps, public audit gaps, and mixed reputation signals.

Vegas Nova suits experienced players who read terms, use low starting balances, prefer browser play, and want a casino plus sportsbook account with crypto support. It does not suit players who want UKGC account confirmation, instant self-service responsible-gambling controls, simple low-wagering bonuses, app-store accountability, or a long public record of resolved disputes. Pink Casino review comparisons are a good reminder that even a smaller or less flashy page can be easier to assess when the compliance trail is clearer.

If you still register, complete your KYC verification immediately after registration and make one small Vegas Nova payout test before claiming a large promotion. The casino-specific tip is to ask support to confirm the WELCOME offer terms in writing: bonus amount, wagering base, max bet, eligible games, expiry, withdrawal caps, and whether withdrawal reversal can be disabled. If any answer conflicts with the cashier, skip the bonus and use cash only.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is this Vegas Nova review positive or negative?
This Vegas Nova review is cautious rather than positive. Vegas Nova has a large casino and sportsbook product, but the missing UKGC account number, 35x bonus policy, withdrawal caps, and mixed review signals keep it below a strong recommendation.
What is the Vegas Nova bonus?
The main Vegas Nova bonus shown in public databases is a 150% first-deposit match up to $2,500 with code WELCOME. The operator's public bonus policy says casino bonuses usually carry 35x wagering on the bonus amount, with a seven-day expiry unless the offer says otherwise.
How fast are Vegas Nova withdrawals?
Vegas Nova says withdrawals are often processed within 12 hours after approval, while AskGamblers lists 0-24 hours for e-wallets, 3-5 days for cards, and 3-7 days for bank transfers. KYC, source-of-funds checks, bonus reviews, or larger wins can delay payment.
What Vegas Nova games are available?
Vegas Nova Casino games include slots, Megaways, buy-bonus games, live casino, blackjack, roulette, baccarat, instant games, jackpots, crash-style games, and sports betting. Public sources list 5,000+ games and providers such as Pragmatic Play, Evolution Gaming, NetEnt, Play'n GO, BGaming, Wazdan, and Yggdrasil.
Is there a Vegas Nova app?
No native Vegas Nova app was verified in this pass. The casino is designed for mobile browser play, with casino, live casino, sports, cashier, and support areas accessible through the responsive website.

Written & Verified By

Dermot Heathcote

Dermot Heathcote

Senior Casino Analyst

  • 10+ Years in iGaming
  • 75+ UK Casinos Reviewed

Dermot covers UK-licensed online casinos for WagerPals, focusing on UKGC compliance, payment safety, and bonus terms. He spends most of his time reading licence registers, withdrawal terms, and player-complaint forums so readers don't have to.